Doughnut machine and the like



Oct. 13, 1936. .1. c. BERGNER DOUGHNUT MACHINE AND THE LIKE Filed March5, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 NNVV WITNESSES:

Fwd/M mmvron: John LLBergnm;

/ nomvsvs.

WWW

Oct. 13, 1936. J. c. BERGNER 2,057,639

DOUGHNUT MACHINE AND THE LIKE INVENTOR: Jbhn afizrgnar,

J. C. BERGNER DOUGHNUT MACHINE AND THE LIKE Oct. 13, 1936.

Filed March 5, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. Jahn C Bergman ATTORNEYS.

Oct. 13, 1936. J. c. BERGNER 2,057,639

DOUGHNUT MACHINE AND 'THE LIKE Filed March 5, 1935 e Sheets-Sheet 4milfl WlTb/ESSES: v INVENTOR: gm? 4 5% John flfizrgnsr,

TTORNEYS.

Oct. 13, 1936. J. c. BERGNER DOUGHNU'I MACHINE AND THE LIKE Filed March5, 1935 '6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR: John Llfiargnar,

Oct. 13, 1936. BER NER 2,057,639

DOUGHNUT MACHINBAND THE LIKE I N VEN TOR.- Jbhn llfiargnar,

TORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 13, 1936 PATENT OFFICE 2,057,639 noucnnu'r MACHINE AND THELIKE John C. Bergner, Lansdowne, Pa., assignor to Doughnut Corporationof America, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March5, 1935, Serial No. 9,441

15 Claims.

This invention relates to the production of doughnuts and the like, andto novel machinery for'this purpose that is especially adaptable andadvantageous for producing doughnuts on a small scale. In suitable formsof embodiment, such as here shown and described, the invention affords asimple, compact, automatic machine, well adapted for display on storecounters or in shop windows, requiring but a relatively small amount ofcooking liquor" or grease, and using such small amounts 'of power as tobe economically operable by current from the usual 110 volt lightingcircuit, and even from an ordinary electric lampsocket. Such a machineis comparatively foolproof, and will operate continuously (with verylittle supervision) to turn out uniformly cooked doughnuts, evenlybrowned all over. Other features and advantages of the invention willappear from the following descripgo tion of species thereof, and fromthe drawings, whence it will also appear that some of the features andcombinations described are of more general utility, in doughnut machinesof various types, and even in the quantity production of doughnuts.

In the drawings, Fig. I affords a side view of a machine convenientlyembodying my invention, with one side of its casing or enclosingstructure removed. I

Fig. II is a. fragmentary longitudinal sectional view on a larger scalethan Fig. I.

Fig. III is a plan view, with the upper casing or cooking enclosure inhorizontal section.

Fig. IV is a fragmentary plan view of the parts below the cookingreceptacle, with the lower machinery enclosure in horizontal section.

Fig. V is a view similar to Fig. II, illustrating another form ofmachine embodying the invention.

Fig. VI is a view similar to Figs. II and V,

illustrating yet another form of machine.

Fig. VII is a fragmentary view similar to Fig.

VI, illustrating a different ejector arrangement.

for the discharge of cooked doughnuts.

An important feature of the types of doughnut machine here shown isthat-most or all of the principal operations incident to travel ofdoughnuts through the apparatus are effected by movement of thedoughnuts-in their general direction of travel, and preferably by theengagement means whereby the doughnuts are fed along. The machine shownin Figs. I, II, III, and IV has a vessel or receptacle ill for thecooking liquor or grease employed, affording a straight cooking range orchannel about one doughnut wide; Raw doughnut formations are depositedhorizontal in the cooking liquor in one end of the receptacle ID by anysuitable means, such as a forming device ll close over the liquor, andare then fed along through the receptacle 5 and ejected from the liquorat its other end. In the course of their travel, the doughnuts arethrown over forward, to cause them to cook alike on both sides, as wellas to advance them correspondingly. 10

As a principal means for feeding the doughnuts along and turning themover, Figs. I, II, and 111 show a series of (three) revolvingpaddle-vane devices or spiders l2, arranged to turn or revolve in thesame direction (in an upright or vertical plane) about axes or shafts l3that extend transversely of the receptacle ill and of the course oftravel of the doughnuts afforded thereby. As best shown in Fig. III,

the paddle or vane members of each spider 20 I2 are of grid-likeconstruction, consisting of rows or sets of arms or spokes" l! radiatingfrom a common hub fast on the shaft 13. As shown, the ends of thesespokes it are bent or curled rearward, away from their direction of 25movement. The spokes It at adjacent sides of ,adjacent spiders I! arearranged to interlap as they revolve, as shown in Figs. II and III; or,to put it somewhat differently, these spokes of adjacent spiders areintercurrent. In the posiac tions of the spiders l2 shown in Fig. II,spokes ll of each spider extend to opposite sides of its axis l3, belowthe surface of the liquor and in approximately the same relation (angleand depth) with reference thereto, while other spokes 35 M projectalmost vertically upward from the axis l3. Thus separate cooking ce areformed between adjacent spiders l2, as well as at the front of the firstspider (at the right of Fig. II) and at the rear of the last spider (at40 the left of Fig. II). In this particular instance, each spider H hasfour paddle vanes or sets of spokes It; but obviously the number of setsof spokes to a spider might be somewhat greater or less. As shown inFig. III, the ends of the spider 45 shafts l3 engage and revolve in opentopped bearing recesses l5 formed in the side walls of the receptaclel0, and the spiders are interconnected and gearedtogether to turn inthesame direction by toothed gears l6 fast on the shaft l3 and in- 50terposed idler gears l1 revolving on stub shafts l8 suitably mounted inthe side of the receptacle. The gears" and I1 revolve in the cookinggrease and are lubricated by it. From the foregoing description and fromFig.

II, it will be seen that a fraction of a revolution of each spider l2corresponding to its number of vanes-i; e., one-fourth of a completerevolution of the four-vane spiders shown--will throw and turn over(invert) the doughnut shown at the front (right) of the first spiderinto the space or cell between the first and second spiders; and will atthe same time throw and turn over the doughnut there shown into thespace or cell between the second and-third spiders; and will throw andturn over the doughnut there shown into the space or cell at the rear(left) of the third spider. Y

To avoid interference of the doughnut dropping device II with the spokesl4, the doughnuts may not be dropped at a point directly over the righthand spokes of the first (right-hand) spider l2, but rather to one sideof such point,-and preferably'in the general line of the series ofspiders l2, as shown in Figs. II and III. Provision is accordingly madefor impelling or shifting the dropped doughnuts to one, side from underthe dropping means ll, over the front spokes l4 ofvthe first spider I 2,or into the path of their upward movement. The shifting means shown inFigs. II and It: comprises a pusher 20 movable to and fro in thedoughnut-receiving end of the receptacle l toward the first spider I2and back again. As shown, this reciprocating or oscillating pusher 20 iscarried by an oscillatory arm 2| fulcrumed on a transverse axis 22 belowthe vessel It and extending up above the edge of the latter, where anangle shank 23 extending up from the pusher 20 and overthe edge of thereceptacle is attached to the upper end of-the rock arm 2i. The toandfro movement of the pusher 20 occurs after the right-hand spokes l4of the first spider 'l 2 have moved upward somewhat from their positionshown in Fig. II.

As shown in Figs. I, II and III, there is an upstanding hill"-likeprojection 24 on the bottom of the receptacle Ill, between the space orcell under the former II and that at the front of the first spider l2.This part 24 serves as a barrier between doughnuts in the two positions,preventing a doughnut under the former -l I from "drifting to the leftinto the path of the upward moving spokes l4, and preventing a doughnutat the front of the first spider l2 from drifting or being kicked to theright, out of proper position for engagement by the spokes l4. Normally,the doughnut dropped from the device II has cooked enough to float onthe liquor as shown when the movement ofpusher 20 toits dotted left-handposition (Fig. II) occurs; and in case this-doughnut should not yet bebuoyant when thus shifted,

the right-hand slope of the projection 24 will lift the advancingdoughnut above the right-hand spokes l4.

From the space or cell at the rear (left-hand) of the last spider l2,the fully cooked doughnuts may be ejected or thrown over the dischargeend of the receptacle ID by an. ejector 25, shown as of an oscillatorytype and of grid construction resembling that of a vane of one of thespiders l2. This ejector 25 comprises L-bent arms or spokes 25 which areattached to a transverse shaft or axis 21 in bearings above thereceptacle l0, and extend down into the liquor and then horizontally,interlapping with the spokes I4 of the last spider l2. When the ejector25 is swung up to its dotted position in Fig. II, the fully cookeddoughnut above it is thrown up and over the end wall of the receptacleIllinto the sloping delivends of the ery chute 28, being incidentallyinverted at the same time.

As shown in Figs. I-IV, the receptacle I 0 is I surrounded by anattached horizontal apron 30 and is supported by a frame of angle baruprights 3| upstanding from the corners of abase 32. The space under thereceptacle I0 is enclosed by sheet metal panels 33 attached to the frame3| and the edges of the apron 30, and this closed compartment containsthe driving mechanism for the operating parts above described. Over thereceptacle I0 is shown a glazed cooking enclosure or hood 34 with aportion of reduced height at one end having a top opening in which theforming device H is mounted. At the other end of the enclosure 34 is adischarge opening 35 for the chute 28.

' As shown in Fig. II, the receptacle I0 is covered with heat insulation35, and has electrical heating resistance means 31 on its bottom,enclosed in the insulation 36. At its right-hand end where the raw doughformations are deposited by the device I I, the receptacle i0 isshallow, though deep enough for total initial jmmersion of the droppeddoughnuts. Where the revolving spiders l2 are located, the vessel I0 isdeeper, and. has transverse corrugations or depressions concentric withthe spider axes I 3, separated by rounded ridges 38.

The driving mechanism in the enclosed compartment beneath the vessel I0includes an (electric) motor 39 which directly drives a (centrifugal)exhauster 40 whose intake 4| extends and opens up through the apron 30to exhaust cooking fumes from the enclosure 34. Through speed reducingconnections including a belt drive 43 and a double worm gearing 44 (inthe gear box45), the motor 39 drives a transverse shaft 46 from whichthe motions of all the operating parts are derived. The former II, thepusher 20, and the ejector are actuated by cams 41, 48, 49. fast on theshaft 46. In the present instance, the movement of the spiders I2 is aquarter turn stepby-step'motion, and they are driven from the shaft 36by any suitable intermittent gearing, here shown as a quarter-tm'nGeneva movement 50. Of course, toothed intermittent gearing might beused for this purpose, if preferred.

The former-cam 47 (Fig. I) is circular with a single projection 5| thatacts on one arm of a rocking lever 52 whose other arm has a slot andpivot connection 53 to a vertical rod 54 extending up through a guidebracket 55 and the apron to the former ll, shown (Fig. .11) of awell-known sleeve and disc type. The cam projection 5| opens theformer-die-outlet quickly for a short -slot in the arm 2!; and a helicaltension spring 63 urges the lever 2| to the left. The cam recess 59allows the pusher 20 to move gradually to the left to the dottedposition shown, and then returns it gradually to full-line position. Theejector-cam 49 (Fig. II) is circular with a single projection 55 thatacts on a. roller on one arm of a bell-crank lever 66 whose other arm isconnected by a link rod 61 to a crank arm 68 fast to the end of theejector shaft 21. The cam 49 swings the ejector 25 quickly upward and tothe 75.

III

left to the dotted position of Fig. II, andiallows it to return quicklyto full-line position.

The Geneva movement 59 includes a driving and locking member 69 fast onthe shaft 46, and a driven and locked slotted and arcuately hollowedmember or star wheel III on a countershaft II. From the driven memberIII, the train of revolving spiders I2 are driven by connectionsincluding a sprocket and chain drive 12 to a short shaft 13 (mounted ina bearing bracket 14 upstanding from the apron 39) and a toothed pinion15 fast to the shaft 13 and meshing with one of the gears of the spidertrain I6, I! above described.

With the various cams 41, 48, 49 and the members of theGeneva movement50 designed and relatively set as above described,-the spiders I2 make aquarter turn for each revolution of shaft 46 with the cams and thedriving member 69. This movement of the spiders occupies about onefourthof the time of revolution of shaft 46, so that the spiders arestationary three-fourths of the time. Starting from the positions of theparts shown in Fig. II, the ejector 29 is first operated by cam 49 toeject the last (fully cooked) doughnut at the left of the last spiderI2, cam 41 having previously opened and closed the formingdie outlet atII to drop the doughnut shown in Fig. II under the former II. About asthe ejector 25 returns to horizontal, the pin of the Geneva driver 69starts to enter the slot of the driven member ID and turn the spidersI2; and soon after this, the recess 59 of cam 48 reaches the roller offollower 60 and initiates the movemerit of pusher 20 to the left. Thusthe doughnut shown underthe former II in Fig. 11 is pushed in under theright-hand spoke I4 of the first spider I2, as it is moving upward fromits position in Fig. II, into the path of the next spoke I4, shown inFig. II as directed downward. After cam ,48 has allowed pusher 20 toreturn to its full-dine right-hand position in Figs. I and II, and afterthe pin of the Geneva driver 69 has left the slot of the driven member19, cam 41 quickly opens and closes the forming die outlet at II,

thus dropping another raw doughnut in front of the pusher 20, as shownin Fig. II. All the parts now remain at rest in the positions shown in.Fig. 11 for about two-thirds of a revolution of shaft 46; and thereupona repetition of the cyclejust described ensues.

The machine shown in Fig. V differs from that of Figs. I-IV in theemployment of rotary doughnut manipulating devices throughout, and incertain features of the drive.

For impelhng or advancing the raw doughnuts from under the former I I tothe first of the rotary spiders I2, there is a rotary paddle wheel orspider-like device 28a that is shown practically submerged in the liquorunder the dropping device I I, and turns with the spiders I2, butpreferably h'as its vanes I4a displaced, about 45 from the directions oftheir vane spokes I4,- -so that when the spokes I4 are about horizontaland vertical as shown, the spokes I4apoint up and down at about a 45slant. Preferably, the tips of the vanes I4a. are curled rearward(relative to their direction of rotation) somewhat like those of thevanes I4, to enable them to slide past the doughnuts more easily. Thevanes I 4a need not necessarily interlap with the vanes I4 of the firstspider- I2, and need not necessarily be of spoked gridhke construction,as here shown. The spider 20a may have a polygonal hub (in this instancesquare) from whose angles the vanes I4a radiate.

Thus the fiat hub sides form horizontal flat bottoms for the pockets orcells between the vanes, which will not deform the initially droppeddoughnuts when they sink in the liquor. As shown, the transverse axisI3a of the spider 20a is lower in the receptacle than the spider axesI3, and the receptacle bottom has a deep rounded pocket to accommodatethe spider 20a.

The ejector 25a is shown in Fig. V as a rotary paddle wheel orspider-like device that turns with spiders I2. Its vanes I4b are ofspoked grid construction, to permit their intercurrence and interlapwith the vanes I4 of the last spider I2. This spider 25a has a largerounded hub with the spoked vanes I4b extending tangentially from it.Its axis 21a is mounted higher than the spider axes I3,-about at orslightly above the surface of the liquor,-so that while (in thepositions of the parts here shown) the spokes I4b to the right he in theliquor and interlap with the spokes- I4 of the last spider I2, thespokes I4b to the left he well above the liquor and above the edge ofthe receptacle la,forming, in fact. an inward and upward prolongation ofthe delivery chute 28.

As shown in Fig. V, the spiders 20a, I2, I2, I2, and 25a are intergearedto turn together by means of an interconnecting sprocket chain 11passing over or around sprockets 18 of the same size fixed on all theshafts I3a, I3, I3, I 3, and 21a, and also guided by idle sprocketwheels.'|9-, some of which prevent rubbing of the chain TI, while othersincrease its arc of contact with the sprockets I8. The rest of the driveis like that shown in Figs. 1, II, and IV,-minus the cams 48 and 49 andthe associated parts, of course.

The operation is generally similar to that of the machine of Figs. I-IV.The vanes I4a push the floating doughnuts to the left over or into thepath of the rising spokes I4 of the first spider I 2,without, however,inverting the doughnuts. The spiders I2, I2, I2 operate as in Figs.I-IV. At each quarter turn of spider 25a, one of its vanes I4b rises f1om under the liquor and swings past the vertical to the position shownin Fig. V, and tips and throws the fully cooked doughnut thereon overand down the incline formed by the preceding vane I41; andby the chute28.

The machine shown in Fig. VI diflers from those of Figs. I-V in havingonly two revolving spiders l2 and 25a, the latter somewhat larger thanthe former and acting as the ejector. For impelling or advancing thedropped doughnuts from under the former II tothe revolving spiderI2,-there is a pusher 20b that is mounted on an arm 2 lb fulcrumed at22b beneath the receptacle III, and is urged to the right to itsfull-line position by a tension spring 89. This pusher 29b is drawn tothe left to push the last dropped dough nut over into the path of thespider I2 by the revolution of the latter. For this purpose, there is alink rod 8| pivoted to the upper end of the pusher arm Mo and providedwith a hook 82 at its free end. The hook 92 is adapted to engage lugs orpins 83 on a disk 84 at one side of the spider I2, so that as thisspider throws one doughnut over to the spider I2b, it pulls anotherdoughnut over into position to be acted on by spider, I2 on the nextmovement of the latter. As this movement of pusher 20b to the leftcarries it to the dot-and-dash position shown in Fig. VI. the hook 82 islifted off the pin 83 which has been pulling the pusher by thesucceeding pin 83; whereupon spring 80 returns pusher 20b to itsfull-line right-hand position. Any suitable dashpot or other means (notshown) may be employed to damp this movement of the pusher 201:, so thatit shall not slop the liquor over the end of the receptacle", or splashor agitate it unduly. The ejector spider 25a operates like that in Fig.V. The spiders l2 and 2511- are interconnected and driven substantiallylike the spiders in Figs. I-lIi, except that the sprocket chain and geardrive 12, l3, I5 is connected to the shaft 21a of spider 250, instead ofto the shaft l3 of spider l2.

Fig. VII illustrates an ejector somewhat different from those of Figs. Vand VI: it is shown applied to a machine like that of Fig. VI, althoughit is equally applicable to other types of machine. The ejector spider25c resembles the spider l2 in general design, although its vane spokesI40 arelonger. With the spider 25c is associated a guide and dischargechute device 280, comprising sloping'bars or rods arranged andinterlapping between the spokes I140, and having their inner ends curvedaround the spider axis 210 concentrically therewith. The ends of thesebars or rods 28c dip into the cooking liquor so as to cooperate with theupright vane of spider I! in forming a cell for confining the doughnuts.When the ejector spokes He that are shown horizontal in the liquor swingupward, the doughnut overlying these spokes (as in Fig. VII) travels andrests against the bars 28c till the spokes come upright, and then thedoughnut tumbles over (by its momentum) and slides down the sloping barsat 280 over the edge of the receptacle l0. Thus the device 280cooperates with the spider 250 in the ejection of the cooked doughnuts.

In Figs. V, VI and VII, various parts and features are marked with thesame reference characters as their analogues in Figs. I-IV, as a meansof dispensing with repetitive description-With the addition of adistinctive letter where distinction appears desirable.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor afiording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of means forthrowing the doughnuts over and over continuously along said course, andthereby feeding them along and finally ejecting them from thereceptacle, besides causing them to'cook substantially alike on bothsides. a

2. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of means forconveying the dropped doughnuts along said course and finallyejectingthem from the receptacle, including a series of adjacent, directlyintercoacting doughnut-handling grids, and means for turning them upwardin the direction of said course, thus throwing the doughnuts over 'andforward from grid to grid along the course.

3. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor aiIording a range or course'for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of means forconveying the dropped doughnuts along said course, and finally ejectingthem from the receptacle, comprising a series of revolving spiders withspokes at their adjacent sides intercurrent, and

interlapping in the liquor at each revolution, so that as the spidersrevolve they successively receive and throw over the doughnuts, therebyconveying them along said course with substantially like cooking on bothsides.

4. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course forthe travel of doughnuts inthe liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of means forimpelling the dropped doughnuts to one side from under the droppingmeans; a series of revolving spiders with spokes at their adjacent sidesintercurrent, and interlapping in the liquor at each revolution, so thatas the spiders revolve they successively receive and throw over thedoughnuts, thereby feeding them along said course with substantiallylike cooking on both sides; and means for ejecting the doughnuts fromthe exit end of said receptacle and course.

5. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of a seriesof revolving spiders with spokes at their adjacent sides intercurrent,and interlapping in the liquor at each revolution, so that as thespiders revolve they successively receive and throw over the doughnuts,thereby feeding them along said course with substantially like cookingon both sides; means cooperating with the first spider to impel thedropped doughnuts from under said dropping means to one side intoposition over the rising spokes of said spider; and means cooperatingwith the last spider to eject the cooked doughnuts from the exit end ofthe receptacle.

6. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording arange or course for the travel 01'doughnutsinthe liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontalinto the liquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, ofmeans for conveying the dropped doughnuts along said course, and finallyejecting them from the receptacle, comprising a series of rotary spiderswith their axes or shafts extending across said vessel and course, andwith spokes at their ad-' jacent sides-intercurrent and interlapping inthe liquor; toothed gears on the spider shafts and idler gearsinterconnecting them, so that the spiders revolve in unison in the samedirection; and means for driving the train of spiders with their gearsin definite relationto the dropping of doughnuts as aforesaid.

7. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording i a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of means forconveying the dropped doughnuts along said course, and finally ejectingthem from the receptacle, comprising a series of rotary spiders withtheir axes or shafts extending across said vessel and course; gearinginterconnecting the spiders to revolve in unison in the same direction,with spokes at their adjacent sides intercurrent and interlapping in theliquor; means for impelling the dropped doughnum to one side from underthe dropping means. into the upward path of the adjacent spokes of thefirst spider; ejector means having spokes intercurrent and interlappingwith those of the last of the aforesaid spiders; and driving means forsaid doughnut-dropping and conveying and ejector means, includingintermittent gearing for periodically revolving the spiders and allowingthemto dwell with their interlapping spokes under the liquor, and meansfor operating said impelling and ejector means substantially during thedwell of said spiders.

8. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping-raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and ,course, of arevolving vaned spider or paddle wheel device adjacent said droppingmeans for throwing over and thus feeding along the doughnuts, and areciprocating pusher operative in front of the spider axis to push thedropped doughnuts to one side from under the dropping means beyond therange of said reciprocating pusher into that of the spider vanes.

9. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor of means located close above the cooking liquor, fordropping raw doughnuts horizontal into the liquor, doughnut-manipulatingmeans having a movement above the cooking liquor adjacent said droppingmeans, and a submerged revolving spider or paddle wheel device beneathsaid dropping means for shifting the dropped doughnuts to one side fromunder the droppingmeans into the range of said manipulating means.

10. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the. travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of arevolving vaned spider or paddle wheel device adjacent said droppingmeans for throwing over and thus feeding along the doughnuts, and asubmerged revolving spider or paddle wheel device beneath said droppingmeans for shifting the dropped doughnuts to one side from under thedropping means into the range of the spider vanes.

11. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of arevolving vaned spider or paddle wheel device adjacent said droppingmeansfor throwing over and thus feeding along the doughnuts, and meansactuated by said revolving device for shifting the dropped doughnuts toone side from under the dropping means into the range of the spidervanes.

12. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor affording a range or course for the travel of doughnutsin the liquor, and means for dropping raw doughnuts horizontal into theliquor at the receiving end of said receptacle and course, of arevolving vaned spider or paddle wheel device adjacent said droppingmeans for throwing over and thus feeding along the doughnuts, and areciprocating pusher movable to and fro beneath said dropping} means forshifting the dropped doughnuts to one side from under the dropping meansinto the range of the spider vanes.

13. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor and means for feeding doughnuts along therein, of meansfor ejecting the doughnuts comprising a vaned spider or paddle wheeldevice revolving in an upright plane, and partly immersed in the liquor,so that doughnuts fed over the vanes at one side of the spider by' saidfeeding means are lifted by the vanes risingbeneath them and thrown overto the other side of the spider, with means for directing and deliveringthe thus thrown doughnuts over the edge of the receptacle.

14. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor and means for feeding doughnuts along therein, of meansfor ejecting the doughnuts comprising a'vaned spider or paddle wheeldevice revolving in an upright plane, and partly immersed in the liquor,and having its vanes arranged eccentric to its axis of rotation so thatthey may extend submerged in the liquor at one side of said axis, inposition permitting doughnuts to be fed over them by said feeding means,and may extend to the other side of said axis on a downward slope, inposition above the edge of the vessel, and may extend upward above saidaxis intermediate the aforesaid positions, so that the doughnuts aresuccessively lifted by the upward movement of submerged vanes andultimately thrown over on vanes in downward sloping position, which thusserve as discharge chutes delivering over the edge of the vessel.

15. In a doughnut machine, the combination with a receptacle for hotcooking liquor and means for feeding doughnuts along therein, of meansfor ejecting the doughnuts comprising a revolving spider with spokes forengaging under the doughnuts and lifting them out of the liquor, andguide and delivery chute bars interlapping with the spokes and curvingup from the liquor around and above the spider axis, and thence slopingdownward over the edge of the receptacle, so as to coact with the spiderin the ejection of the doughnuts.

JOHN C. BERGNER.

